Glossary（ plain English）

Hexagram (卦, guà) — Six-line figure; the situation’s pattern

Trigram (八卦, bāguà) — Three-line unit; inner/outer shape of the hexagram

Judgment (卦辞, guàcí) — Central message of the hexagram

Image (彖/象伝, tuàn/xiàng) — Moral/ritual framing drawn from trigrams

Line (爻, yáo) — One of six steps; moving lines give the live signal

Moving line (動爻) — A line that changes; focus of action now

Relating hexagram (之卦) — The result after moving lines flip; trajectory

Inner/outer trigram（内卦/外卦） — Inside = self/roots; outside = field/relations

Nuclear trigrams（互卦） — Hidden core formed by lines 2–5; sub-theme

Host/guest（主客） — Which side holds initiative vs. responds

Perseverance（貞） — Right-principled steadiness, not stubbornness

Auspicious / Inauspicious（吉/凶） — Favorable vs. harmful outcome trend

Regret / Humiliation（悔/吝） — Correctable lapse vs. petty loss; mild warnings

Benefit（利） — Advantage or best course; often tied to action/ally

Timing（時） — Suitability of when, not only what

Ten Wings（十翼） — Classical appendices on images, order, and method

Great Treatise（大伝/繋辞） — Core appendix on the philosophy of change

Sequence（序卦） — Ordered logic between hexagrams

Superior / inferior man（君子/小人） — Model vs. counter-model of conduct

Divination（占） — Asking through patterned chance to read situation & timing